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Emergence and Breaking of Duality Symmetry in Generalized Fundamental Thermodynamic Relations


Emergence and Breaking of Duality Symmetry in Generalized Fundamental Thermodynamic Relations

Abstract

Thermodynamics as limiting behaviors of statistics is generalized to arbitrary systems with probability a priori where the thermodynamic infinite-size limit is replaced by a multiple-measurement limit. A duality symmetry between Massieu’s and Gibbs’s entropy arises in the limit of infinitely repeated observations, yielding the Gibbs equation and Hill-Gibbs-Duhem equation (HGDE) as a dual pair. If a system has a thermodynamic limit satisfying Callen’s postulate, entropy being an Eulerian function, the symmetry is lost: the HGDE reduces to the Gibbs-Duhem equation. This theory provides a de-mechanized foundation for classical and nanothermodynamics and offers a framework for distilling emergence from large data, free from underlying details.



Citation
Emergence and Breaking of Duality Symmetry in Generalized Fundamental Thermodynamic Relations Physical Review Letters (IF9.185), Pub Date : 2022-04-15, DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.150603 Zhiyue Lu, Hong Qian


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